Okay, it’s been a long time coming. Many people have asked for my opinion to Botha/Albert/Qalakabushka/”whoonga” Park , what’s going on there, what is being done, what is the solution… (For ease of reference, I’m going to continue throughout this article referring it to Qalakabushka instead of all the possible options). So here is as much as I can say. All I am saying is from my research and dealings in the park, dealings with authorities, and every bit of what I am saying is my opinion. I have been in the park a number of times and been chased out with a mob following after us too. I have also been part of many, many meetings with the Municipality trying to figure outSo I do have some first hand experience.
Let’s start with the drug itself. Whoonga. This is not an entirely new drug, but came to be known in 2010. It is also known as “Sugars” but it taken in a different way. It is fairly localised in this form and is only common in Durban. Whoonga is sold in “straws” and in Qalakabushka a person can get the straws for R20, whereas in the townships and outlying areas, it can be as high as R80. Hence, the flocking into one area for the drug. The drug itself is third grade heroin mixed with strychnine. There are rumours of it containing ARV’s but no samples tested have actually been proven to contain them. This is South Africa, however, and if there is a rumour about something someone is going to try act on it – so this rumour in itself is dangerous. The contents of the straw is then usually mixed with dagga or tobacco and smoked. The effect of the drug? Well, heroin is the most potent painkiller known to man, and causes and enhanced sense of euphoria followed by drowsiness and mental clouding for several hours. Once the effects wear off the person starts withdrawal which can include the following; restlessness, aches and pains, diarrhoea, vomiting, and insomnia. Tolerance to heroin develops quickly and soon one straw is not enough. In the park there are some people taking about 8 straws a hit, 3 times a day (yes, that is R480 needed a day to sustain the high)! Then there is the strychnine element – probably the most evil thing to add to something that is going into a person. My guess is that the heroin is actually saving most the people from this killing them. 30mg is a lethal dose! The strychnine itself causes many of the symptoms we are seeing in Qalakabushka; agitation, apprehension or fear, restlessness, and painful muscles spasms. The combination of the strychnine and the heroin withdrawal, results in the person doing anything, by any means, to get their next fix.
Not all the people who take Whoonga are homeless – many land up that way but probably only 200 people sleep in the park. By the end of the day that 200 has swelled to about 2000 people! This creates a volatile situation. 2000 people who have cloudy mental processing or are agitated, restless and in withdrawal are a big problem. Small issues can become big problems in seconds, which is an understandable concern for those non-addicts who live, work and study in the area.
Demographics of the people – in a study done last year 95% of the people interviewed were South African. Of course, if you are an illegal foreign national, you are not sticking around to be interviewed, but the beauty of this finding is that the municipality has a responsibility to the residents of South Africa, so they are trying to do something.
Possible solutions? Bear in mind that we are dealing with people addicted to a substance that changes the way they behave. In my experience, this group of people is the most difficult category of people to work with for a number of reasons.
- Firstly, an addict needs to want to be rehabilitated
- The cost of rehabilitation is astronomical
- Withdrawal pains are so intense (and last about 4 days – ladies think constant labour pain for 4 days, with no relief)
- The addict has normally burnt their bridges with any healthy support system they have and therefore their support system is a bunch of addicts
So bear this in mind as we chat through some solutions – I’m going to list solutions people have thrown at me over time and chat them through afterwards;
- Do a raid an charge the people for loitering
- Round up everyone and put them somewhere where they cannot impact on Durban
- Put them into rehab and reintegrate them back into society
- Remove the Druglord
- A multi-pronged approach
Option 1: Raid and charge. Municipality tried this last year. So the first thing that happens with a raid, is people run and hide. Sadly where the problem initially was isolated to a section of Albert Park it has spread to the railway lines and Botha Park. The next problem is that we don’t have enough holding cells in Durban for that many people. As a reseult in a short space of time everyone is let out with a rap on the knuckles and a warning – essentially showing everyone that there is a flaw in the system… even though it’s a temporary answer it creates more of a widespread problem and the people are back on the streets within a day.
Option 2: Round up. Though this is appealing and seems humane as the people will have housing, it does not deal with why they come to Qalakabushka. They come there for cheap drugs. So even if the accommodation is sorted out, the people would head into town daily for their “fix” and as mentioned previously a large proportion of those who attend the Park daily actually don’t sleep in the park.
Option 3: Rehabilitate and reintegrate. This was also attempted. The only government facility we have available is Newlands park which has a small number of beds. They have a large waiting list of people who want to attend the rehab, and when there is a round up these people have to wait longer. In the trial round up and forced rehab attempt, only a handful stuck it out through detox, the rest absconded causing a lot of damage in their wake.
Option 4: Remove the dealer. This would seem obvious and it is one of the routes Municipality is pursuing. There seems to be 2 problems though. Recently the cops tried to arrest a dealer, a mob of addicts attacked the police and then tried to kill a man they believed to be the informant (he may not have been the informant just the unlucky person the mob picked – so it may put innocent people in danger). The second is that there is a huge demand for the drug, if one supplier is removed I would guess a new one would rise to fill the demand fairly quickly.
Option 5: Multi-pronged approach. This is one, We are Durban is working on at the moment in conjunction with the Municipality and would be a long term solution to all vulnerable people in the city, but it will not help everyone, as not everyone will want to go. It is aimed at being a voluntary programme where people can get shelter for a month while attending a psychosocial centre during the day to receive lifeskills training, adult education, visit a clinic, browse the internet, clean their clothes and attend a gym or dancing/art class etc. The people on this programme will also have access to the Job opportunities centre to give them a hope of a future. Although I personally see this is one of the best solutions, sadly we are dealing with a group of people who are not wanting help on the large part. Obviously given the choice between enter the system or be put in prison most would choose the system, but not all would last to the end.
So in conclusion, things may seem a bit bleak. I want to commend the municipality on the amount of thought and effort they are going through to try and solve this problem. (If you haven’t picked up from above they have been trying things, but also they have been engaging every sector and department in trying to find a good solution.) I truly believe it is our biggest struggle as Durbanites at the moment and it is something we as Durbanites need to team together to see a solution to. I personally don’t think the rampage we saw the other week will be the last of the violence that will occur either from the addicts themselves or those “fed-up” with the addicts, because there is fear in people. Fear reduces us to the basest of people and we are seeing that around the park. I want to finish on this one thought that if we as humans can’t do something about this, we are going to have to rely on God to solve this for us. I think that it is time that we all get on our knees and pray to the God that we serve to intervene in the situation, that the addicts would have an encounter with Him and would then have the strength to change and walk away from the prison they have created for themselves.